SPIN TRAP

aka: PHENYL BUTYL NITRONE, NITRONE, PBN

Spin Trap is better than antioxidants. 
Why? 
Antioxidants DESTRUCTIVELY deal with free radicals. Spin Trap CONSTRUCTIVELY  deals with them. Antioxidants chemically react with free radicals to convert the rogue oxygen (reactive oxygen species) into water (which the body has plenty of anyway.) 
Spin Trap captures these wayward oxygen species and plugs them back into their intended goal of tissue respiration. 
Free radicals are normal oxygen-bearing units that wander off their intended paths of usefulness.  They contain vital oxygen for the deepest tissue which is most vulnerable to hypoxia, i.e. low oxygen conditions. Antioxidants can contribute to hypoxia by indiscriminately converting oxygen to water.  Oxygen is breathable everywhere in the body.  Water is not breathable anywhere (unless you're a fish). Antioxidants are not bad.  They are good, but Spin Trap is better. Too much antioxidants are bad. The more Spin Trap, the better. The best know Spin Trap is PBN, also called "nitrone". 
 

Here are just a few of the independent scientific references for Spin Trap: 

1) REVERSES AGE-RELATED DEFICITS OF THE BRAIN 
The Effects of Chronic Treatment with PBN on Cerebellar Noradrenergic Receptor Function in the Aged
By: Gould, Bickford 
At: Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 
In: Brain Research, 1994. 

2) INHIBITS LIPID PEROXIDATION 
Multiple Mechanisms for Inhibition of Low Density Lipoprotein Oxidation by Novel Cyclic Nitrone Spin Traps
By: Thomas, Ohlweiler, Kalyanaraman 
At: Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute, Cincinatti, OH. 
In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1994. 

3) PROTECTS FROM BRAIN INJURY 
PBN Inhibits Free Radical Release in Brain Concussion
By: Sen, Goldman, Morehead, Murphy, Phillis 
At: School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. 
In: Free Radical Biological Medicine, 1994 

4) ANTI-AGE 
In Vivo or In Vitro Administration of the Nitrone Spin-Trapping Compound PBN Reduces Age-Related Deficits
By: Joseph, Cao, Cutler 
At: USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, Mass. 
In: Brain Research, 1995 

5) ANTI-OXIDANT; ANTI-FREE RADICAL 
PBN as Antioxidant for Low Density Lipoproteins
By: Lee 
At: Free Radical Biology of Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma 
In: Methods of Enzymology, 1994 

6) PROTECTS GLUTATHIONE 
Susceptibility of Glutathione Peroxidase and Glutathione Reductase to Oxidative Damage and the Protective Effect of Spin Trapping Agents
By: Tabatabaie, Floyd 
At: Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma 
In: Archives of Biochemical Biophysics, 1994 

7) PROTECTS FROM AGE-RELATED FREE RADICALS 
PBN Prolongs the Life Span of the Senescence-Accelerated
By: Edamatsu, Mori, Packer 
At: Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan 
In: Biochemical Biophysics Research Communications, 1995 

8) ANTI-STROKE 
PBN Improves Recovery of Brain Energy State
By: Folbergrova, Zhao, Katsura, Siesjo 
At: Laboratory of Experimental Brain Research, Lund University Hospital, Sweden 
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 1995 

9) TREATMENT FOR LIVER DAMAGE 
The Effects of PBN on Hepatitis With Jaundice
By: Yamashita, Ohshima, Asanuma, Inukai, Miyoshi 
In: Free Radical Biological Medicine, 1996 

10) AGAINST NEURO-DEGENERATIVE DISEASE 
Protective Action of Nitrone-based Free Radical Traps Against Oxidative Damage to the Central Nervous System
By: Floyd 
At: Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma 
In:  Advanced Pharmacology, 1997 

11) AGAINST ATHEROSCLEROSIS 
Nitrone Spin Traps as Reagents for the Study of Oxidative Modifications of Low Density Lipoproteins: Implications for Atherosclerosis
By: Thomas 
At: Cerebrovascular Biology Department, Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute, Cincinatti, OH. 
In: Analysis of Free Radicals in Biological Systems, 1995 

12) PROTECTS FROM OXIDATIVE CELL INJURY 
Characterization of the Radical Trapping Activity of a Novel Series of Cyclic Nitrone Spin Traps
By: Thomas, Ohlweiler, Carr, Nieduzak, Hay, Adams, Vaz, Bernotas 
At: Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. Cincinatti, OH. 
In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1996 

13) ENHANCES COGNITION 
Antioxidant Treatment with PBN Improves Cognitive Performance and Survival
By: Sack, Socci, Crandallo, Arendash 
At: Department of Biology and Institute on Aging, University of South Florida, Tampa 
In: Neruosciences Letters, 1996

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